Number Extensions in Javascript

Number benefits from several changes in ES6, providing several of new methods saving us from writing our own potentially error prone implementation. There are quite a lot of methods so here are some of the ones that are likely to have more use:

Number.isFinite

Determines whether a number is finite (finite means that it could be measured or have a value).

Number.isFinite(Infinity); //false
Number.isFinite(100); //true

Number.isInteger

Determines if a number is an integer or not.

Number.isInteger(1); // true
Number.isInteger(0.1); //false

Number.isNaN

Before ES6 it was difficult to test if a value was equal to NaN (Not a number). This is because NaN == NaN evaluates to false.

Whilst a global isNaN function has existed in previous versions it has the issue that it converts values which makes it hard to test if something is really NaN:

isNaN("rezha") == true; //true

Number.isNaN allows you to easily test if a number really is NaN:

Number.isNaN(1); //false
Number.isNaN(Number.NaN); //true

Number.EPSILON

Number.EPSILON is the smallest value less than 1 that can be represented as a number and is intended for advanced uses such as testing equality:

Number.EPSILON;
//2.220446049250313e-16

Number.isSafeInteger

To be considered a safe integer numbers must be able to be represented in a format called IEEE-754 and cannot be the result of rounding any other IEEE-754 number. There are some numbers that fall outside of what can be represented using IEEE-754:

Number.isSafeInteger(3); //true
var unsafe = Math.pow(2, 53);
Number.isSafeInteger(unsafe); //false

Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER and Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER

IEEE-754 can represent a limited range of numbers. This range can be retrieved using Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER and Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER:

Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER; //-9007199254740991
Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER; //9007199254740991